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PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF ALTERNATOR

Alternator is divided into two types: DC alternator and AC alternator. AC alternator also can be divided into synchronous alternator and asynchronous alternator. Synchronous alternators are commonly used in Power Plant. The characteristic of synchronous alternator is that DC current excitation not only can provide active power, but also to provide reactive power to meet the needs of various loads. Since asynchronous alternator don’t have separate exciting winding, can’t provide reactive power to the load.  Therefore, the asynchronous alternator must run in parallel with other synchronous alternators, or connect with equal capacitors. This limits the application scope of the asynchronous alternator, so it can only be used in small automatic hydropower station.

According the different drive engine, Synchronous alternator can be divided into 3 types: turbonator, hydro-alternator and diesel alternator.
In structurally, besides the small alternator has permanent magnet to produce magnetic field, the other common point of these three type alternator is that the general magnetic field is produced by general dc excitation coil, and the excitation coils on the rotor, the armature winding on the stator.The generator armature (stator) core made of silicon steel sheet pile is to reduce iron loss. Rotor core by the flux is the same, can use the whole piece of steel. In large motor, the rotor under strong centrifugal force, and manufacturing of rotor material must choose high quality steel.The armature (stator) core made of silicon steel sheet is to reduce iron loss. Rotor core can use the whole piece of steel because the same flux through. In large alternator, must choose high quality steel to be alternator material, because of the alternator under strong centrifugal force.